
hive默認(rèn)將元數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)到本地內(nèi)嵌的Derby數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中,但是Derby不支持多會(huì)話鏈接,因此我們使用mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)來(lái)存儲(chǔ)hive的元數(shù)據(jù)。配置完成hiveSQL的元數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)之后再開(kāi)始安裝、配置hive。
安裝命令為
sudo apt-get install mysql-server
當(dāng)出現(xiàn)下面提示選擇的時(shí)候輸入y 同意繼續(xù)安裝
hduser@master:~$ sudo apt-get install mysql-server
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
linux-headers-4.13.0-36 linux-headers-4.13.0-36-generic
linux-headers-4.13.0-41 linux-headers-4.13.0-41-generic
linux-image-4.13.0-36-generic linux-image-4.13.0-41-generic
linux-image-extra-4.13.0-36-generic linux-image-extra-4.13.0-41-generic
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
libaio1 libevent-core-2.0-5 libhtml-template-perl mysql-client-5.7
mysql-client-core-5.7 mysql-common mysql-server-5.7 mysql-server-core-5.7
Suggested packages:
libipc-sharedcache-perl mailx tinyca
The following NEW packages will be installed:
libaio1 libevent-core-2.0-5 libhtml-template-perl mysql-client-5.7
mysql-client-core-5.7 mysql-common mysql-server mysql-server-5.7
mysql-server-core-5.7
0 upgraded, 9 newly installed, 0 to remove and 101 not upgraded.
Need to get 18.1 MB of archives.
After this operation, 161 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
然后安裝繼續(xù)執(zhí)行,輸出如下內(nèi)容,完成安裝。中間會(huì)有讓設(shè)置root密碼提示,輸入密碼按向下的方向鍵確認(rèn),然后再輸入一次確認(rèn)密碼
Get:1 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 mysql-common all 5.7.22-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 [15.4 kB]
Get:2 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 libaio1 amd64 0.3.110-2 [6,356 B]
Get:3 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 mysql-client-core-5.7 amd64 5.7.22-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 [6,425 kB]
Get:4 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 mysql-client-5.7 amd64 5.7.22-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 [1,673 kB]
Get:5 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 mysql-server-core-5.7 amd64 5.7.22-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 [7,268 kB]
Get:6 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 libevent-core-2.0-5 amd64 2.0.21-stable-2ubuntu0.16.04.1 [70.6 kB]
Get:7 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 mysql-server-5.7 amd64 5.7.22-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 [2,583 kB]
Get:8 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 libhtml-template-perl all 2.95-2 [60.4 kB]
Get:9 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 mysql-server all 5.7.22-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 [10.8 kB]
Fetched 18.1 MB in 1min 56s (155 kB/s)
Preconfiguring packages ...
Selecting previously unselected package mysql-common.
(Reading database ... 285825 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../mysql-common_5.7.22-0ubuntu0.16.04.1_all.deb ...
Unpacking mysql-common (5.7.22-0ubuntu0.16.04.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libaio1:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../libaio1_0.3.110-2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libaio1:amd64 (0.3.110-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package mysql-client-core-5.7.
Preparing to unpack .../mysql-client-core-5.7_5.7.22-0ubuntu0.16.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking mysql-client-core-5.7 (5.7.22-0ubuntu0.16.04.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package mysql-client-5.7.
Preparing to unpack .../mysql-client-5.7_5.7.22-0ubuntu0.16.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking mysql-client-5.7 (5.7.22-0ubuntu0.16.04.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package mysql-server-core-5.7.
Preparing to unpack .../mysql-server-core-5.7_5.7.22-0ubuntu0.16.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking mysql-server-core-5.7 (5.7.22-0ubuntu0.16.04.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libevent-core-2.0-5:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../libevent-core-2.0-5_2.0.21-stable-2ubuntu0.16.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libevent-core-2.0-5:amd64 (2.0.21-stable-2ubuntu0.16.04.1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.23-0ubuntu10) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.5-1) ...
Setting up mysql-common (5.7.22-0ubuntu0.16.04.1) ...
update-alternatives: using /etc/mysql/my.cnf.fallback to provide /etc/mysql/my.cnf (my.cnf) in auto mode
Selecting previously unselected package mysql-server-5.7.
(Reading database ... 285993 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../mysql-server-5.7_5.7.22-0ubuntu0.16.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking mysql-server-5.7 (5.7.22-0ubuntu0.16.04.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libhtml-template-perl.
Preparing to unpack .../libhtml-template-perl_2.95-2_all.deb ...
Unpacking libhtml-template-perl (2.95-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package mysql-server.
Preparing to unpack .../mysql-server_5.7.22-0ubuntu0.16.04.1_all.deb ...
Unpacking mysql-server (5.7.22-0ubuntu0.16.04.1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.5-1) ...
Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-19) ...
Processing triggers for systemd (229-4ubuntu21.1) ...
Setting up libaio1:amd64 (0.3.110-2) ...
Setting up mysql-client-core-5.7 (5.7.22-0ubuntu0.16.04.1) ...
Setting up mysql-client-5.7 (5.7.22-0ubuntu0.16.04.1) ...
Setting up mysql-server-core-5.7 (5.7.22-0ubuntu0.16.04.1) ...
Setting up libevent-core-2.0-5:amd64 (2.0.21-stable-2ubuntu0.16.04.1) ...
Setting up mysql-server-5.7 (5.7.22-0ubuntu0.16.04.1) ...
update-alternatives: using /etc/mysql/mysql.cnf to provide /etc/mysql/my.cnf (my.cnf) in auto mode
Renaming removed key_buffer and myisam-recover options (if present)
Setting up libhtml-template-perl (2.95-2) ...
Setting up mysql-server (5.7.22-0ubuntu0.16.04.1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.23-0ubuntu10) ...
Processing triggers for systemd (229-4ubuntu21.1) ...
Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-19) ...
使用如下命令登錄MySQL服務(wù)器。在提示輸入密碼的地方輸入剛才設(shè)置的root密碼
hduser@master:/etc/network$ mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.22-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 (Ubuntu)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> create database hive;
mysql> create user 'hive'@'%' identified by 'hive';
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'hive'@'%' with grant option;
mysql>flush privileges;
mysql> use hive;
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
注:在ubuntu中,默認(rèn)情況下MySQL只允許本底登陸,所以需要修改配置文件將地址綁定注釋掉
sudo vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf
#bind-address = 127.0.0.1 #注釋掉
下載最新穩(wěn)定版hive
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/hive/hive-2.3.3/apache-hive-2.3.3-bin.tar.gz
上傳到master節(jié)點(diǎn)的/home/hduser/Downloads目錄下
解壓
tar -zxvf Downloads/apache-hive-2.3.3-bin.tar.gz
更改安裝文件名稱(chēng)
hduser@master:~$ mv apache-hive-2.3.3-bin/ ./hive
hduser@master:~$
配置用戶環(huán)境變量
vim ~/.bashrc
在文件末尾添加如下內(nèi)容
#HIVE
export HIVE_HOME=/home/hduser/hive
export PATH=$PATH:$HIVE_HOME/bin
最后重新導(dǎo)入環(huán)境變量
source ~/.bashrc
配置hive-site.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
<!--指定元數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接信息-->
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
<value>jdbc:mysql://master:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true</value>
<description>JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore</description>
</property>
<!--指定元數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接驅(qū)動(dòng)程序主類(lèi)-->
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
<value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
<description>Driver class name for a JDBC metastore</description>
</property>
<!--指定元數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)用戶名-->
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
<value>hive</value>
<description>username to use against metastore database</description>
</property>
<!--指定元數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)用戶密碼-->
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
<value>hive</value>
<description>password to use against metastore database</description>
</property>
</configuration>
我們也可指定某個(gè)文件夾來(lái)存放元數(shù)據(jù)
<property>
<name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name>
<value>/home/hduser/hive/warehouse</value>
<description>location of default database for the warehouse</description>
</property>
下載mysql-connector-java-5.1.46.tar.gz,下載鏈接為
https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/Connector-J/mysql-connector-java-5.1.46.tar.gz
將其解壓后在文件夾中選擇mysql-connector-java-5.1.46-bin.jar上傳到master節(jié)點(diǎn)的/home/hduser/Downloads目錄下。最后將JDBC文件放到hive的lib文件夾內(nèi)即可。
Hive數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)到HDFS上,因此要先啟動(dòng)hadoop
start-all.sh
格式化hive
schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema
啟動(dòng)hive命令行
hive
HiveSQL的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是學(xué)習(xí)成本低,可以通過(guò)類(lèi)似SQL語(yǔ)句實(shí)現(xiàn)快速M(fèi)apReduce統(tǒng)計(jì),使MapReduce變得更加簡(jiǎn)單,而不必開(kāi)發(fā)專(zhuān)門(mén)的MapReduce應(yīng)用程序。hive是十分適合數(shù)據(jù)倉(cāng)庫(kù)的統(tǒng)計(jì)分析和Windows注冊(cè)表文件。
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