SAS-一些有用的語句

今天本想繼續(xù)介紹 summary過程的，但是發(fā)現(xiàn)別人整理的比我更好，于是周末再更，好好整理一下描述性統(tǒng)計分析及評分卡建模，今天給大家介紹一些sas有用的語句吧。

1.如果在同一程序中需要多次調(diào)用print語句，用%str可以節(jié)省程序書寫;

%let print=%str(proc print data=sashelp.class;run;);

&print;

2.查看變量類型；

data a;

  set sashelp.class;

  w=vtype(age);

run;

3.結(jié)構(gòu)查詢語言；

 select語句用來檢索數(shù)據(jù)(order從句，format選項) ；

create語句創(chuàng)建表格；

update語句增加或修改表格中列的數(shù)值（insert和delete語句插入和刪除行，用alter語句增加、修改、刪去列）

例子：

data employee;

  input empname $ empcity $ empyears emptitle $ sales;

  cards;

aa   beijing   3   engineer 2300

bb   shangqiu  2   teacher  3000

cc   changsha  32  worker   4000

dd   changsha  20  salesrep 1000

;

proc sql;

  create table changsha as   /*對表格的操作*/

  select empname,

         empcity,

         empyears format=yymmdd8.,/*對表格列的操作*/

         sales*2 as totalsales,

         /*count(empyears) as count_emp,*//*計算by排序文件的觀測數(shù)、均值（avg）*/

         /*10*(sales-empyears) as total,*//*有效的表達(dá)式*/

         emptitle

  from employee

  where empcity='changsha'

  order by empyears asc;  /*asc升序，desc降序*/

  alter table changsha add gender char(1);/*對表格列的操作，添加性別變量,相似modify,drop*/

  update changsha/*對表格值的操作：賦值*/

     set gender='f'

     where empname in ('aa','cc');

  update changsha

     set gender='m'

     where gender is missing;

  insert into changsha    /*對表格行的操作，插入一條觀測*/

     values('ff', 'changsha',10, 8000,'teacher','m');

  delete from changsha    /*對表格行的操作*/

    where empyears>20;

quit;

proc print data=changsha;

run;

4.計算行數(shù)；

%let dsid=%sysfunc(open(sashelp.class,i));  

%let n=%sysfunc(attrn(&dsid,nobs));

%let rc=%sysfunc(close(&dsid));

%put obsnum=&n;

 5.scan()用法：

data a;

  arg='ABC.DEF(X=Y)';

  word=scan(arg,-3);

/*put word;*/

run;

data c;

arg='ABC.DEF(X=Y)';

word=scan(arg,-20);

put word;

run;

data d;

input Arr $ & 22.;

ArrivalGate=scan(Arr,1,' ');

DepartureGate = scan(Arr,2,' ');

put  DepartureGate  ArrivalGate arr;

cards;

Arrival DepartureGates

;

run;

6.sysfunc()用法；

data a;

input group $ number point;

cards;

A 1 85

A 2 66

B 1 69

C 3 55

D 4 24

;

run;


%macro macro_name(group,number,point);

data out_&group.;

group="&group";

number=&number.;

point=&point.;

run;

%mend;


%macro test;

*打開存放參數(shù)的數(shù)據(jù)集;

%let dsid=%sysfunc(open(work.a,i));

%put &dsid;        *%put是在日志輸出改宏變量的值;

*fetch是為了判斷是否讀取完數(shù)據(jù)集記錄，若已讀完，則返回-1，否則返回0，賦給宏變量rc;

%let rc=%sysfunc(fetch(&dsid));

        %do %while(&rc=0);

            *trim是去掉字符右邊的空格，left是去掉字符左邊的空格，getvarc(&dsid,1)是讀取數(shù)據(jù)集的第一列，

                讀取第二列則為getvarc(&dsid,2),getvarc是針對字符，若該列是數(shù)值型的則為getvarn(&dsid,2);

                %let group=%sysfunc(trim(%sysfunc(left(%sysfunc(getvarc(&dsid,1))))));

                %let number=%sysfunc(trim(%sysfunc(left(%sysfunc(getvarn(&dsid,2))))));

                %let point=%sysfunc(trim(%sysfunc(left(%sysfunc(getvarn(&dsid,3))))));

                %put &group;     %put &number;     %put &point;


                %macro_name(&group,&number,&point);*將參數(shù)傳給調(diào)用你所需要運(yùn)行的宏macro_name;


                %let rc=%sysfunc(fetch(&dsid));        *同上fetch;

                %put &rc;

        %end;

                %let rc=%sysfunc(close(&dsid));        *關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)集;

                %put &rc;

%mend;


%test;